Missing record: The case for recording ethnicity at birth and death registration.

The Government’s new consultation on what information should be recorded at birth, marriage and death registration provides an unprecedented opportunity for us to correct a key omission in what is currently recorded. At present neither birth nor death registration requires any information on ethnicity to be recorded. We summarise below the evidence the London Health Observatory (LHO) has reviewed in support of the case for the recording of ethnicity at birth and death. Without this information we cannot understand the health and health care needs of minority ethnic communities, and neither can we plan for appropriate public services such as schools, housing and transport that underpin good health. With this summary we are issuing a call for action from the LHO and London Health Commission for all agencies who are committed to tackling ethnic inequalities in health to submit their own evidence - alongside ours - to the government, to correct this omission for the future. We hope this document provides you with the information you need to submit your own perspective based on our evidence. This action will not only help to make visible the health needs of our growing, diverse communities, but will also ensure that the way is paved for a more equal Britain

Ethnic disparities in health and health care: a focused review of the evidence and selected examples of good practice: Executive summary

This report (the full document and summary) arises from a project commissioned by the Department of Health’s Equality and Human Rights Group to produce an evidence-based review with a national perspective that addresses (i) ethnic differentials in health and healthcare and (ii) evidence of effective NHS and other action, including selective examples of good practice to illustrate each area. Rather than aiming for comprehensive coverage, the Department suggested a document that focuses on selective topics and population health priorities drawn from the NHS Plan, existing and developing National Service Frameworks, and other policy documents and which, collectively, are encompassed in the NHS’s 10-point Race Equality Action Plan. We were not asked to review the evidence on other key areas (such as hypertension, stroke, disability, etc.), ethnic disparities in the wider determinants of health, and on some specific groups such as gypsy travellers and refugees and asylum seekers. Some of these topics are covered in other recent reviews

Integrated genomic characterization of endometrial carcinoma

We performed an integrated genomic, transcriptomic and proteomic characterization of 373 endometrial carcinomas using array- and sequencing-based technologies. Uterine serous tumours and ~25% of high-grade endometrioid tumours had extensive copy number alterations, few DNA methylation changes, low oestrogen receptor/progesterone receptor levels, and frequent TP53 mutations. Most endometrioid tumours had few copy number alterations or TP53 mutations, but frequent mutations in PTEN, CTNNB1, PIK3CA, ARID1A and KRAS and novel mutations in the SWI/SNF chromatin remodelling complex gene ARID5B. A subset of endometrioid tumours that we identified had a markedly increased transversion mutation frequency and newly identified hotspot mutations in POLE. Our results classified endometrial cancers into four categories: POLE ultramutated, microsatellite instability hypermutated, copy-number low, and copy-number high. Uterine serous carcinomas share genomic features with ovarian serous and basal-like breast carcinomas. We demonstrated that the genomic features of endometrial carcinomas permit a reclassification that may affect post-surgical adjuvant treatment for women with aggressive tumours.National Institutes of Health (U.S.) (Grant 5U24CA143799-04)National Institutes of Health (U.S.) (Grant 5U24CA143835-04)National Institutes of Health (U.S.) (Grant 5U24CA143840-04)National Institutes of Health (U.S.) (Grant 5U24CA143843-04)National Institutes of Health (U.S.) (Grant 5U24CA143845-04)National Institutes of Health (U.S.) (Grant 5U24CA143848-04)National Institutes of Health (U.S.) (Grant 5U24CA143858-04)National Institutes of Health (U.S.) (Grant 5U24CA143866-04)National Institutes of Health (U.S.) (Grant 5U24CA143867-04)National Institutes of Health (U.S.) (Grant 5U24CA143882-04)National Institutes of Health (U.S.) (Grant 5U24CA143883-04)National Institutes of Health (U.S.) (Grant 5U24CA144025-04)National Institutes of Health (U.S.) (Grant U54HG003067-11)National Institutes of Health (U.S.) (Grant U54HG003079-10)National Institutes of Health (U.S.) (Grant U54HG003273-10